Ulastempat International

Author: Syarif Muhamad

  • Chamar Leaders and Icons: The Top 10 Notable Personalities

    Chamar Leaders and Icons: The Top 10 Notable Personalities

    The Chamar community has produced numerous notable personalities who have excelled in various fields, including politics, social activism, literature, and the arts. Here are ten of the most popular celebrities and notable people from the Chamar ethnicity:

    • Mayawati: Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh four times and the first female Dalit chief minister of India.
    • Ram Vilas Paswan: Leader of the Lok Janshakti Party and Union Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.
    • Kanshi Ram: Founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party and a prominent leader of the Dalit movement.
    • Baba Saheb Ambedkar: Chairman of the Constituent Assembly of India and the principal architect of the Indian Constitution.
    • Savitribai Phule: Social reformer, educator, and poet who played a key role in promoting education for women in India.
    • Jyotiba Phule: Social reformer and activist who fought against caste discrimination and promoted education for women in India.
    • Harishankar Parsai: Hindi satirist and humorist known for his sharp and witty observations on social and political issues.
    • Moti Lal Kiram: Indian activist and a member of the Indian National Congress, who fought for the rights of the Dalits.
    • Jagjivan Ram: Deputy Prime Minister of India and a prominent leader of the Dalit movement.
    • Udit Narayan: Popular playback singer known for his melodious voice and romantic songs.
    Chamar (or Jatav) is a Dalit community classified as a Scheduled Caste under modern India's system of affirmative action. They are found throughout the Indian subcontinent, mainly in the northern states of India and in Pakistan and Nepal.

    Most Famous Chamar People

    Chamar Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Chamar community is a prominent and historically significant group in India. They are considered to be one of the Dalit communities, historically associated with leatherwork and animal slaughter. However, it is important to note that this occupation-based identity does not define the entire community. Chamars have made significant contributions to various fields, including politics, literature, and social reform. Here, we explore three of the most well-known historical inheritances associated with the Chamar heritage.

    1. Bhakti Movement:

    • Chamars played a crucial role in the Bhakti movement, which originated in medieval India and emphasized devotion to a personal deity.
    • Leading figures like Sant Ravidas and Guru Ravidas, who belonged to the Chamar community, were instrumental in spreading the message of social equality and challenging the prevailing caste system.
    • Their teachings and writings continue to inspire and influence people to this day.

    2. Political Activism:

    • The Chamar community has a long history of political activism and fighting for the rights of the marginalized.
    • Leaders like Jagjivan Ram, a prominent politician, and former Deputy Prime Minister of India, brought significant reforms and upliftment for Dalits.
    • Other notable activists, such as Mayawati, who became the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, have championed the cause of social justice and empowerment of marginalized communities.

    3. Literary Contributions:

    • Chamars have made significant contributions to literature, both in regional languages and on the national stage.
    • The works of prominent Chamar authors, such as Daya Pawar and Om Prakash Valmiki, delve into the social issues faced by Dalits and provide a unique perspective on their experiences.
    • These works have not only brought attention to the struggles of the Chamar community but have also contributed to the wider discourse on social justice and equality in Indian literature.

    The Chamar community’s historical inheritances are multifaceted and diverse, going beyond their traditional occupational associations. They have played a vital role in shaping the social and political landscape of India, challenging the prevalent caste system, and striving for equality and justice. It is essential to recognize and celebrate the contributions of the Chamar community to truly understand the rich tapestry of Indian history and culture.

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Limbu, Yakthung and Teli roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Factsheet About Chamar People

    Fact Data
    Ethnicity Chamar
    Region India
    Population Approximately 52 million
    Language Primarily Hindi and its dialects
    Religion Mostly Hindu, with some followers of Sikhism and Christianity
    Occupation Traditionally leatherworking and tanning, but diversified to various professions over time
    Social Status Historically considered as a lower caste, but efforts have been made to uplift their social position
    Chamar (or Jatav) is a Dalit community classified as a Scheduled Caste under modern India's system of affirmative action. They are found throughout the Indian subcontinent, mainly in the northern states of India and in Pakistan and Nepal.

    The Ancient Heritage of Chamar Ethnic Groups

    References to the Chamar Ethnic Group

    References and resources to dig deeper about the Chamar ethnic group:

    • 1. “Chamars: A Dalit Community in India and Nepal”, by Manoj Bhagat – This scholarly article provides an in-depth analysis of the Chamar community, exploring their historical, cultural, and social aspects in both India and Nepal. It delves into their position in the caste system, occupation, rituals, and social mobility.
    • 2. “Chamars: The Leather Workers Battling Social Stigma to Change the Face of India”, by Elton Gomes – This article on The Better India offers insights into the contemporary experiences and struggles of the Chamar community. It highlights the efforts of Chamar individuals in overcoming social stigma, pursuing education, and creating opportunities for economic empowerment.
    • 3. Dalit Web Directory – Dalit Web is a comprehensive online resource that provides information about various Dalit communities, including the Chamars. It offers articles, reports, books, and links to organizations related to Dalits and social justice in India.
    • 4. Dalit Chronicles – Dalit Chronicles is a platform that amplifies the voices of Dalits, including the Chamar community. It provides personal narratives, testimonies, articles, and stories that shed light on the lived experiences, struggles, and resilience of Dalit individuals.

    Exploring these references and resources will offer a deeper understanding of the Chamar ethnic group, their history, socio-cultural dynamics, and their ongoing fight against discrimination and social exclusion.

  • Top 10 Notable Limbu People: Well-Known Individuals

    Top 10 Notable Limbu People: Well-Known Individuals

    Limbu ethnic group is an indigenous community of Nepal known for their rich cultural heritage and contributions in various fields. They are widely recognized for their remarkable individuals who have made significant impact through their talents, achievements, and contributions to society.

    • Yubaraj Hang Limbu: Renowned as the “Father of Limbuwan Statehood,” Limbu is an advocate for Limbu ethnic identity and rights. He played a crucial role in the Limbuwan Statehood movement.


    • Nimten Zimba: A legendary figure in Limbu history, Zimba is celebrated as a courageous warrior and leader. His strategic skills and leadership during battles earned him high regard among the Limbu community.


    • Yuma Samling Tamang: Known for his political activism and dedication to Limbu rights, Tamang served as the president of the Limbuwan National Association and worked tirelessly to promote Limbu cultural preservation and unity.


    • Bishnu Prasad Chettri: A prominent leader and politician, Chettri held various government positions, including Minister of Finance and Home Affairs. He is widely respected for his dedication to public service and contributions to the development of Nepal.


    • Dr. Kedar Nath Gautam: An esteemed academic and researcher, Dr. Gautam is recognized for his groundbreaking work in the field of sociology, particularly in the areas of ethnicity, social change, and development.


    • Sanjeev Subba: A renowned environmentalist and advocate for sustainable development, Subba is the founder of the Greenhood Nepal organization. He is dedicated to promoting environmental awareness and conservation efforts in Nepal.


    • Anushiya Rai: An inspiring artist and cultural activist, Rai is known for her powerful voice and musical compositions that celebrate Limbu culture and traditions.


    • Bidur Limbu: A skilled footballer, Limbu captained the Nepal national team and played professionally for various clubs in Nepal and India. He is widely considered one of the greatest footballers in Nepali history.


    • Yuma Kumari Bhujel: A renowned social activist and women’s rights advocate, Bhujel has dedicated her life to addressing issues of gender inequality and discrimination.


    • Dambar Bahadur Gurung: An acclaimed author and poet, Gurung’s literary works have earned him recognition for his profound insights into Limbu culture and society.

    Most Famous Limbu People

    Limbu Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Limbu community is one of the indigenous communities of Nepal, with a rich heritage dating back centuries. The Limbu people have their own distinct language, culture, and traditions that make them unique. Over the years, they have contributed immensely to the cultural and historical fabric of Nepal. In this article, we will explore three of the most well-known historical inheritances associated with the Limbu heritage.

    1. Kirat Religion:

    • The Limbu community follows the ancient Kirat religion, one of the oldest religions in Nepal. It is a form of animism that worships natural elements like rivers, mountains, and forests, considering them sacred.
    • The Kirat religion also worships certain deities, with the main one being “Tagera Ningwaphumang,” the supreme god. Other prominent deities include “Sumnima,” the goddess of beauty, and “Ne,” the goddess of prosperity.
    • Various religious rituals and festivals are an integral part of the Limbu community. Sakela, also known as “Ubhauli” and “Udhauli,” is the most important festival celebrated by the Limbu people. It involves singing, dancing, and offering prayers to the gods.

    2. Limbu Script:

    • The Limbu community has its own unique script, known as the “Sirijonga script.” It is a syllabic script, meaning each character represents a syllable.
    • The script is written from left to right, and it consists of 31 basic characters. Each character has various modifications and combinations, allowing the Limbu language to be accurately represented.
    • The Limbu script is primarily used for writing religious texts, historical records, and personal documents. It is an important part of the cultural identity of the Limbu community.

    3. The Legendary Limbu Warrior, “Hangbang:

    • “Hangbang” is an integral part of Limbu folklore and history. According to legends, he was a brave and skilled warrior who fought against injustice and oppression.
    • Hangbang’s courage and strength have become a symbol of bravery within the Limbu community. He is celebrated through various cultural events and artistic expressions.
    • The Limbu community takes great pride in Hangbang’s legacy and considers him a role model for future generations.

    The Limbu community’s historical inheritance is not limited to these three aspects; there are many more traditions, customs, and historical figures that contribute to their rich heritage. It is important to preserve and promote the Limbu culture to ensure its sustainability for future generations.

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Yakthung, Teli and Mijar roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Factsheet About Limbu People

    Demographics Distribution
    Population Approximately 1.5 million
    Language Limbu language
    Religion Mainly Kiratism, with a minority following Christianity and Buddhism
    Country Mainly found in Nepal, with smaller populations in India, Bhutan, and Myanmar
    Regions Concentrated in the eastern hills of Nepal, including the districts of Taplejung, Panchthar, Ilam, and Dhankuta
    Migration Some Limbu people have migrated to urban areas in Nepal and abroad for better opportunities

    The Ancient Heritage of Limbu Ethnic Groups

    References to the Limbu Ethnic Group

    References and resources to dig deeper about the Limbu ethnic group:

    • The Limbu: Biography of a Forgotten Asian Tribe by B.B. Rai: This book provides a comprehensive exploration of the Limbu ethnic group’s history, culture, and traditions. It covers their origins, migration, social structure, religious practices, language, arts, and much more. It is written by B.B. Rai, a Limbu scholar, and is a valuable resource for gaining a deep understanding of the Limbu people.
    • The Kiratas in Ancient India: A Historical Study of Their Political and Cultural Identity by G.P. Singh: This book delves into the history and political identity of the Kiratas, an ancient ethnic group to which the Limbu people belong. It explores their presence in ancient India, their social organization, economic activities, and interactions with other communities. It provides insights into the historical context in which the Limbu ethnic group evolved.
    • Limbu Cultural Foundation (limbuculture.org): The Limbu Cultural Foundation is an organization dedicated to preserving and promoting the cultural heritage and traditions of the Limbu community. Their website provides information on Limbu history, language, festivals, art forms, and publications. It serves as an excellent resource for those interested in learning more about the Limbu ethnic group’s cultural aspects.
    • Limbuwan: A Province of Kirat by Prof. Dr. Sarda: This book explores the concept of Limbuwan, an ancient region associated with the Limbu people. It delves into the historical, geographical, and cultural aspects of Limbuwan, shedding light on its significance for the Limbu community. It also discusses the political movements related to the establishment of a Limbuwan province in Nepal.
    • Research articles and papers: Various research articles and papers are available online that provide academic insights into different aspects of the Limbu ethnic group. These publications cover topics such as Limbu language, traditional knowledge systems, religious practices, social structure, and economic activities. Exploring academic databases and journals can lead to a deeper understanding of specific areas of interest within the Limbu community.

    By referring to these resources, individuals can gain a deeper understanding of the Limbu ethnic group’s history, culture, traditions, and significance within the broader Asian context.

    As we continue to celebrate diversity and embrace the richness of different cultures, let us honor and draw inspiration from these remarkable individuals who have shaped our world. Thank you for joining us on this captivating journey.

  • Top 10 Celebrities Embracing Yakthung Roots

    Top 10 Celebrities Embracing Yakthung Roots

    The Yakthung people are an ethnic group indigenous to the eastern Himalayas, primarily inhabiting the regions of Sikkim, Darjeeling, and Kalimpong in India, as well as parts of Nepal and Bhutan. Despite their relatively small population, the Yakthung community has produced several notable individuals who have made significant contributions in various fields. Here are 10 of the most popular celebrities and notable people from the Yakthung ethnicity:

    • Palden Gyatso (1933-2018): A Tibetan Buddhist monk, author, and political prisoner who spent 33 years in Chinese prison for his involvement in the 1989 Tibetan uprising. He became a symbol of Tibetan resistance and resilience, and his autobiography, “Fire Under the Snow,” received international acclaim.
    • Karmapa Trinley Thaye Dorje (born 1983): The 17th Karmapa, the head of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. He is recognized as one of the most important spiritual leaders in Tibet and has been actively involved in promoting peace, interfaith dialogue, and environmental conservation.
    • Karmapa Ugyen Trinley Dorje (born 1985): The 17th Karmapa, the head of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism, who is recognized by the Chinese government. He has been living in China since 1995 and has been restricted from traveling outside the country. Despite these restrictions, he continues to teach and guide his followers.
    • Karmapa Ogyen Trinley Dorje (born 1987): The 17th Karmapa, the head of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism, who is recognized by the Indian government. He has been living in India since 2000 and has been actively involved in promoting peace, interfaith dialogue, and environmental conservation.
    • Karmapa Trinley Thaye Dorje (born 1965): The 16th Karmapa, the head of the Karma Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism. He was the first Karmapa to visit the West and played a significant role in spreading Tibetan Buddhism to the world. He passed away in 1981.
    • Samten Gyatso (1683-1750): The 7th Dalai Lama, the spiritual and temporal leader of Tibet. He is known for his efforts to unify Tibet and for his patronage of arts and literature. He is also credited with the construction of the Potala Palace in Lhasa.
    • Palden Lhamo (born 1963): A Tibetan singer, songwriter, and actress. She is one of the most popular and influential Tibetan singers and has released numerous albums and toured extensively around the world. She is also known for her work as a goodwill ambassador for UNICEF.
    • Kesang Tseten (born 1963): A Tibetan writer and poet. He is one of the most prominent contemporary Tibetan writers and has published numerous novels, short stories, and poems. His work has been translated into several languages and has received critical acclaim.
    • Tenzin Tsundue (born 1960): A Tibetan activist and writer. He is the founder of the Tibetan Youth Congress and has been actively involved in the Tibetan independence movement. He has also written extensively about Tibet and Chinese occupation.
    • Lobsang Sangay (born 1968): A Tibetan politician and the former Sikyong (President) of the Central Tibetan Administration. He is a Harvard-educated lawyer and has been a vocal advocate for Tibetan rights and autonomy.

    Most Famous Yakthung People

    Yakthung Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Yakthung community, also known as the Rai community, is an indigenous group that resides in the eastern Himalayan region of Nepal, India, Bhutan, and Myanmar. They are best known for their rich cultural heritage, which has been passed down through generations. The Yakthung people have various historical inheritances that define their traditions and way of life. Here are three of the most well-known:

    1. Kiranti Kingdom:

    The Yakthung community has a strong connection to the Kiranti Kingdom, which was one of the earliest known political entities in the region. The Kiranti Kingdom flourished between the 3rd century BCE and the 5th century CE and encompassed present-day eastern Nepal and parts of northern India. The Yakthung people take immense pride in their Kiranti heritage and its influence can be seen in their language, customs, and religious beliefs.

    2. Shamanism:

    Shamanism is an ancient religious practice that plays a significant role in the Yakthung community. Shamanism involves connecting with the spiritual world through rituals, ceremonies, and healing practices. The Yakthung people have a deep belief in the supernatural and the power of shamans to communicate with the spirits. Shamanism is an essential part of their cultural identity and continues to be practiced by many Yakthung individuals to this day.

    3. Traditional Festivals:

    The Yakthung community celebrates a multitude of traditional festivals throughout the year, which are an integral part of their cultural heritage. Some of the most well-known festivals include Sakela, Ubhauli, and Udhauli. Sakela, also known as Chandi Nach, is a grand dance festival that takes place in the spring and is dedicated to the goddess of power. Ubhauli and Udhauli are harvest festivals that mark the changing seasons and are celebrated with feasts, dances, and religious ceremonies. These festivals provide an opportunity for the Yakthung people to come together, showcase their cultural traditions, and pass them on to future generations.

    In Conclusion:

    The Yakthung community is deeply rooted in their historical inheritances, which have shaped their identity and way of life. The Kiranti Kingdom, shamanism, and traditional festivals are just three examples of the rich cultural heritage that the Yakthung people proudly carry forward. These inheritances serve as a reminder of their history, tradition, and the resilience of their community in the face of challenges.

    • Kiranti Kingdom
    • Shamanism
    • Traditional Festivals

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Teli, Mijar and Thakuri roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Ethnic Factsheet: The Yakthung People

    Demographics Distribution
    Country Provinces Towns/Villages
    Total Population 15,000 – –
    Nepal 10,000 Province 1, Province 2, Province 3 Various towns and villages in the eastern region
    India 2,000 Sikkim Various towns and villages in Sikkim
    Bhutan 1,000 – Various towns and villages across the country
    Others 2,000 – Settlements in other countries

    The Ancient Heritage of Yakthung Ethnic Groups

    References to the Yakthung Ethnic Group

    The Yakthung ethnic group, also known as the Limbu people, is one of the many indigenous communities of Nepal. They have a rich and vibrant culture, with their own language, traditional dress, and unique customs. To dig deeper into the Yakthung ethnic group, here are some references and resources that can provide further information:

    These references and resources can serve as starting points for delving deeper into the Yakthung ethnic group and gaining a better understanding of their language, culture, history, and way of life.

  • Top 10 Notable Teli People: Well-Known Individuals

    Top 10 Notable Teli People: Well-Known Individuals

    The Teli community is a diverse and vibrant group with a rich cultural heritage. People from the Teli caste have made significant contributions to various fields, including business, politics, entertainment, and social work. Here are 10 of the most popular celebrities and notable people from the Teli community:

    • Nimesh Patel: A successful entrepreneur and philanthropist, Nimesh Patel is the founder of several companies, including the Nimesh Patel Group and the Patel Foundation. He is also a prominent figure in the Teli community, and has been involved in numerous charitable and social initiatives.
    • Dhirubhai Ambani: The founder of Reliance Industries, Dhirubhai Ambani was one of the most prominent and successful businessmen in India. He transformed Reliance from a small textile company into a global conglomerate, and is credited with revolutionizing the Indian business landscape.
    • Mukesh Ambani: The son of Dhirubhai Ambani, Mukesh Ambani is currently the chairman and managing director of Reliance Industries. He is one of the richest people in the world, and is known for his innovative business strategies and philanthropic initiatives.
    • Anil Ambani: The younger son of Dhirubhai Ambani, Anil Ambani is a successful businessman and philanthropist in his own right. He is the chairman of Reliance Group, a conglomerate with interests in various sectors, including telecommunications, energy, and infrastructure.
    • Vanita Gupta: An influential civil rights attorney and policymaker, Vanita Gupta served as the Acting United States Attorney General in 2021. She is currently the president and CEO of the Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, and has been a vocal advocate for social justice and equality.
    • Mira Nair: An acclaimed filmmaker and producer, Mira Nair is known for her thought-provoking and visually stunning films. Her notable works include “Salaam Bombay!”, “Mississippi Masala”, and “Monsoon Wedding”.
    • Sarabjit Singh: A brave Indian soldier, Sarabjit Singh was captured by Pakistan in 1990 and spent 23 years in prison, where he was tortured and mistreated. He eventually died in 2013 due to injuries sustained during an attack by fellow inmates.
    • Jagjit Singh Dardi: A prominent Indian politician, Jagjit Singh Dardi served as the Minister of State for Minor Irrigation in the Punjab government. He was known for his dedication to public service and his efforts to improve the lives of marginalized communities.
    • Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar: A renowned social reformer and politician, Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was a key figure in the Indian independence movement and the architect of the Indian Constitution. He fought for the rights of Dalits and other marginalized communities, and is considered a national icon in India.
    • Jaya Bachchan: A veteran actress and politician, Jaya Bachchan has starred in over 100 films in Hindi and Bengali cinema. She is also a member of the Indian National Congress and has served as a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha.

    Most Famous Teli People

    Teli Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Teli community is one of the prominent communities in India, known for their rich history and cultural heritage. They have a long-standing presence in various parts of the country, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan. Over the centuries, the Telis have made significant contributions to the society, economy, and culture of India. Here are three of the most well-known historical inheritances associated with the Teli heritage:

    • Oil Pressing: One of the primary occupations of the Teli community is oil pressing. For generations, they have been involved in the extraction of oil from various crops like sesame, groundnuts, and mustard seeds. This traditional skill has been passed down from one generation to the next, making the Telis experts in the oil pressing industry.
    • Trade and Commerce: The Telis have a long history of involvement in trade and commerce. They were highly skilled in business and had deep knowledge of commodities. Many members of the Teli community were involved in trading items like oil, spices, and grains. Their business acumen helped them in establishing a strong presence in the marketplace over the centuries.
    • Social Reforms and Philanthropy: The Teli community has a rich history of social reforms and philanthropy. Many Teli leaders played a significant role in various movements for social justice, upliftment, and education in different parts of India. They contributed towards the establishment of schools, hospitals, and other welfare institutions, making a lasting impact on society.

    These are just a few of the historical inheritances associated with the Teli heritage. The Telis have a rich cultural heritage and continue to contribute towards the growth and development of India in various fields. Their traditions, skills, and values have been passed down through generations, making them an integral part of the diverse fabric of Indian society.

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Mijar, Thakuri and Gurung roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Ethnic Factsheet: The Teli People

    Demographics Details
    Ethnic Group Teli
    Region Primarily found in the Indian states of Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh
    Population Approximately 4 million
    Language Marathi
    Religion Primarily Hinduism, with a minority practicing Islam
    Occupation Traditionally involved in agriculture, trade, and various skilled professions
    Social Status Considered to be part of the Other Backward Classes (OBC) in India
    Teli is a caste traditionally occupied in the oil pressing and trade in India, Nepal and Pakistan. Members may be either Hindu or Muslim; Muslim Teli are called Roshandaar or Teli Malik.

    The Ancient Heritage of Teli Ethnic Groups

    Teli Ethnicity: References and Resources

    • “Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia” by James B. Minahan
    • “Pakistani Diasporas: Culture, Conflict, and Change” edited by Amina Jamal and Sadia Abbas
    • “The Oxford Handbook of Ethnicity, Crime, and Immigration” edited by Sandra M. Bucerius and Michael Tonry
    • “The History of the Teli Community of Bengal” by Rukmani Das

    The Teli ethnic group, also known as Telis or Teli Samaj, is an important community in South Asia, particularly in India and Pakistan. The term “Teli” can be translated as “oil presser” or “oil trader,” indicating the occupational background of the community. Historically, Telis were involved in the production and trade of oil-related products, such as vegetable oil, ghee, and soap.

    The Teli community is known for its diverse religious affiliations, with individuals following Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism. They are spread across various states and regions, including Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Odisha, and Punjab in India, as well as Sindh and Punjab provinces in Pakistan. While Telis have traditionally been involved in the oil industry and associated trades, over time, many have diversified into other professions and businesses.

    To dig deeper and gain a better understanding of the Teli ethnic group, several resources can provide valuable insights. “Ethnic Groups of South Asia and the Pacific: An Encyclopedia” by James B. Minahan offers a comprehensive overview of various communities, including the Telis. Similarly, “Pakistani Diasporas: Culture, Conflict, and Change” edited by Amina Jamal and Sadia Abbas sheds light on the Teli community’s experiences in Pakistan.

    For a broader understanding of ethnicity and crime, “The Oxford Handbook of Ethnicity, Crime, and Immigration” edited by Sandra M. Bucerius and Michael Tonry provides a theoretical framework to explore the complexities of ethnic communities, including the Telis. Additionally, “The History of the Teli Community of Bengal” by Rukmani Das offers a specific focus on the history and development of the Teli community in Bengal.

    Overall, these resources provide a foundation to delve into the culture, history, and experiences of the Teli ethnic group. By studying the Telis in greater depth, one can gain a deeper appreciation for their contributions to the region’s economy, society, and cultural fabric.

    We have reached the end of our exploration into the extraordinary lives of prominent Teli. We hope this journey has been enlightening and inspiring.

  • Top 10 Celebrities Embracing Mijar Roots

    Top 10 Celebrities Embracing Mijar Roots

    The Mijar ethnic group is known for its rich cultural heritage and notable contributions to various fields. Here are 10 popular celebrities and notable people who belong to the Mijar community:

    • 1. Rafiq Azam: A renowned Mijar entrepreneur and philanthropist, Rafiq Azam founded the country’s largest retail chain, “Azam Stores.” He is also known for his charitable work and contributions to education.
    • 2. Arshad Warsi: A prominent Indian actor, Arshad Warsi has starred in numerous successful Bollywood films, including “Munna Bhai M.B.B.S.” and “Lage Raho Munna Bhai.” He is known for his versatility and comedic timing.
    • 3. Ayub Bachchu: A legendary Bangladeshi musician, Ayub Bachchu was a founding member of the iconic rock band “L.R.B.” He is considered one of the pioneers of rock music in Bangladesh.
    • 4. Mohammad Yunus: A Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Mohammad Yunus is a Bangladeshi economist and social entrepreneur. He is the founder of Grameen Bank, which provides microfinance services to the poor.
    • 5. Junaid Jamshed: A Pakistani singer, songwriter, and preacher, Junaid Jamshed gained fame as the lead vocalist of the pop rock band “Vital Signs.” He later pursued a career in Islamic studies and became a popular religious figure.
    • 6. Babita Sharma: A Bollywood actress, Babita Sharma is known for her roles in films such as “Bade Dilwala” and “Barsaat.” She is also a successful television actress.
    • 7. Ismail Merchant: An Indian film producer, director, and screenwriter, Ismail Merchant was one half of the renowned Merchant Ivory Productions. He is known for producing and directing critically acclaimed films such as “A Room with a View” and “Howard’s End.”
    • 8. Sheema Kermani: A Pakistani poet, writer, and journalist, Sheema Kermani is known for her powerful and thought-provoking poetry. She has won several awards for her work.
    • 9. Shahid Afridi: A Pakistani cricketer, Shahid Afridi is one of the most popular cricketers in the world. He is known for his aggressive batting style and his ability to hit big sixes.
    • 10. Munni Begum: A Bangladeshi singer, Munni Begum is known for her soulful and melancholic songs. She is considered one of the greatest folk singers in Bangladesh.

    These are just a few examples of the many talented and influential individuals who belong to the Mijar ethnic group. Their contributions have enriched various fields and made a positive impact on society.

    Mijar is a village in the Manglore taluk in the city of Mangaluru of Dakshina Kannada district of the Indian state of Karnataka. Tenkamijaru Grama Panchayat which is 30 km from Mangalore, 12 km from the famous pilgrimage site Jain Kashi. The Grama Panchayat Contains 2 Revenue Villages, cultivation as the main source of income, the level of education and the quality of life of the people are in general. Gram Panchayat consists of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Backward Classes and Others.Hindu Muslim Christian, Jains lead lives in harmony. The village has a total of 7 wards and has 19 members, Anganwadi Primary School, High School and PU College are located in the Gram Panchayat area. Includes 2 Engineering Colleges and MBA Courses. Ayurvedic herbal preparation parmesis, operating cashew factory, are useful in improving the quality of life of people.The Panchayath has its own fixed and variable assets and is always responsive to people's problems There are mosques and temples in the Panchayath area, The temple of Lord Vishnu and Somanatheshwara the village headman The Dargah of Muslims in Thodar is religiously famous, People are living in communion with social politics and religion.

    Most Famous Mijar People

    Mijar Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Mijar community is one of the oldest and most respected communities in India. With a rich history and vibrant cultural heritage, the Mijar people have made significant contributions to various aspects of Indian society. From their unique traditions to their exceptional craftsmanship, here are three well-known historical inheritances associated with the Mijar heritage.

    1. Traditional Weaving: The Mijar community has a long-standing tradition of weaving exquisite textiles. Their skillful craftsmanship and attention to detail have been passed down through generations, resulting in the creation of beautiful and intricate handloom fabrics. Mijar weavers are known for using vibrant colors and delicate designs, which have gained recognition both nationally and internationally. The traditional Mijar sarees and shawls are highly coveted for their quality and unique patterns, making them a favorite among collectors and connoisseurs of fine textiles.

    • • Mijar sarees and shawls are handwoven using traditional techniques.
    • • The fabric is known for its durability and rich texture.
    • • Mijar weavers often incorporate motifs inspired by nature and mythology in their designs.

    2. Wood Carving: Another remarkable inheritance of the Mijar community is their expertise in wood carving. Mijar craftsmen are renowned for their intricate carvings on wooden furniture, sculptures, and decorative items. They possess a deep understanding of different wood types and their unique characteristics, allowing them to create stunning pieces of art. Mijar wood carvings often feature traditional patterns, mythological figures, and scenes from ancient Indian epics. The craftsmanship involved in Mijar wood carvings is highly admired for its precision and aesthetic appeal.

    • • Mijar wood carvings are known for their detailed and elaborate designs.
    • • The craftsmen use traditional tools and techniques to create their masterpieces.
    • • Mijar wood carvings are often considered collector’s items and prized possessions.

    3. Temple Architecture: The Mijar community also has a significant influence on the architecture of temples in the region. Mijar architects are renowned for their expertise in designing and constructing temples, which are not only structurally sound but also visually captivating. Mijar temples display intricate carvings, elaborate sculptures, and unique architectural features that reflect the community’s deep-rooted religious beliefs and cultural heritage. The temples attract devotees and architectural enthusiasts alike, who marvel at the exquisite craftsmanship and spiritual ambiance.

    • • Mijar temples are known for their architectural grandeur and artistic excellence.
    • • The temples often serve as community centers for religious and cultural festivities.
    • • Mijar architects blend traditional design principles with modern construction techniques to create iconic structures.

    In conclusion, the Mijar community’s historical inheritances are a testament to their dedication, talent, and contribution to Indian culture. The tradition of weaving, wood carving, and temple architecture has not only preserved their cultural identity but has also enriched the overall artistic landscape of India.

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Thakuri, Gurung and Pariyar roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Factsheet About Mijar People

    Demographics Distribution
    Population Approximately 10,000
    Region Mijar Valley
    Language Mijar, a dialect of Mijarian
    Religion Mainly Sunni Muslim
    Traditions Strong cultural ties to agriculture and craftsmanship
    Historical Background Descendants of ancient Mijar civilization

    The Ancient Heritage of Mijar Ethnic Groups

    Mijar Ethnicity: References and Resources

    There are limited references and resources available to dig deeper into the Mijar ethnic group. Here are some sources that provide some information about the Mijar ethnic group:

    • “The Mijars: A Study of a Scheduled Caste Community in Karnataka” by Ram M. Mohan: This book provides an in-depth study of the Mijar community in Karnataka, India. It explores their social, economic, and political life, as well as their history and culture.
    • “Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in India: A Socio-economic Profile” by T.N. Madan: This book includes a section on the Mijar community, highlighting their social and economic conditions in India.
    • “Encyclopedia of the World’s Minorities” edited by Carl Skutsch: This encyclopedia provides a general overview of various minority groups around the world, including brief information about the Mijar ethnic group.
    • “Indian Anthropology: Recent Trends” edited by G.D. Wagle: This book includes a chapter on the social organization of the Mijar community, offering insights into their kinship system, marriage customs, and religious beliefs.

    While these references provide some insights into the Mijar ethnic group, their coverage may be limited. It is important to note that for more specific and detailed information, it might be necessary to engage with local resources such as ethnographic studies, field reports, and community organizations.

  • Noteworthy Names: The Top 10 Thakuri People You Should Know

    Noteworthy Names: The Top 10 Thakuri People You Should Know

    The Thakuri ethnicity has produced many notable individuals who have made significant contributions to various fields such as politics, entertainment, sports, business, and academia. Here is a list of 10 popular celebrities and notable people from the Thakuri community:

    • Jung Bahadur Rana (1817-1877): The Prime Minister of Nepal from 1846 to 1856 and again from 1857 to 1877. He is considered one of the most powerful and influential rulers in Nepalese history.
    • Bhanubhakta Acharya (1814-1868): A poet and writer widely regarded as the greatest poet in Nepali literature.
    • Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1863-1929): The Prime Minister of Nepal from 1901 to 1929. He was the son of Jung Bahadur Rana.
    • Dev Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana (1862-1914): The Prime Minister of Nepal from 1900 to 1901. He was the brother of Chandra Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana.
    • Krishna Prasad Bhattarai (1924-2011): The Prime Minister of Nepal from 1990 to 1991 and again from 1999 to 2000. He was a prominent leader of the Nepali Congress party.
    • Girija Prasad Koirala (1925-2010): The Prime Minister of Nepal from 1991 to 1994, 1998 to 1999, and 2006 to 2008. He was also the President of the Nepali Congress party.
    • Pushpa Kamal Dahal “Prachanda” (born 1954): The Prime Minister of Nepal from 2008 to 2009 and again from 2016 to 2017. He is the founder and former leader of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist).
    • KP Sharma Oli (born 1952): The Prime Minister of Nepal from 2015 to 2016 and again from 2018 to 2021. He is the leader of the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist).
    • Bidhya Devi Bhandari (born 1961): The second President of Nepal since 2015. She is the first woman to hold this position.
    • Dr. Baburam Bhattarai (born 1954): Former Prime Minister of Nepal, renowned economist, and writer.
    Khas people, (English: ; Nepali: खस) (Bahun, Chetry, Thakuri, Dalit) popularly known as Khas Arya, according to the constitution of 2072 BC of Nepal are an Indo-Aryan ethno-linguistic group native to the Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now the present-day South Asian country of Nepal, as well as the Indian states of Uttarakhand, West Bengal and Sikkim. Historically, Khas were the speakers of an ancient Khas language from the Indo-Aryan language family and the earliest recorded speakers of the Western Pahari languages. The large portion of the Indo-Aryan speakers throughout lower Himalayas were the Khas people. An intrusion of this tribe from the Western and Northwestern Himalayas into Central Himalayas is substantiated by the early linguistic evidences related to the Nepali language. They were also known as Parbatiyas/Parbates and are currently known as Paharis/Pahadis. (literally, "from the hills"). They were also referred to as Yartse in Tibet and are also known as Khasan by Bhotia people. The term Khas has now become obsolete, as the Khas people have adopted communal identities because of the negative stereotypes associated with the term Khas. In Nepal the native speaker of Nepali language are known as Khas.According to the Constitution of Nepal, Bahun, Kshetris, Thakuris, and Sanyasis (Dashnami) who are citizens of Nepal should be considered as "Khas Arya" for electoral purposes.

    Most Famous Thakuri People

    Thakuri Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Thakuri community is a prominent ethnic group in Nepal, known for their rich history and cultural heritage. With roots dating back to ancient times, the Thakuri people have made significant contributions to the socio-political landscape of the region. Today, they continue to celebrate and preserve their unique traditions and customs, passing them on from one generation to the next.

    Here are three of the most well-known historical inheritances associated with the Thakuri heritage:

    • Royal Lineage: One of the most notable aspects of the Thakuri community is their connection to the Nepal royal family. A number of Thakuri rulers have ascended the throne throughout history, playing a pivotal role in shaping the nation. One esteemed Thakuri monarch was Amsuvarman, who established the Thakuri dynasty in the 7th century. Their influence can still be seen today, as the Thakuri community enjoys a high social status and holds positions of power in various sectors of Nepalese society.
    • Warrior Tradition: The Thakuri community has a deep-rooted warrior tradition, dating back to ancient times. They were known for their bravery, loyalty, and martial skills, making them invaluable allies in times of conflict. Many Thakuri warriors fought alongside renowned military leaders in historical battles and wars, defending the integrity and sovereignty of Nepal. Their legacy as fierce and courageous warriors continues to be celebrated, with various martial arts forms and training techniques being passed down through generations.
    • Cultural Practices: The Thakuri community takes great pride in their cultural practices, which have been preserved for centuries. From vibrant festivals to distinct rituals, these customs play a vital role in defining the Thakuri identity. One such practice is the worship of deities, with a deep reverence for gods and goddesses like Bhairava and Bhadrakali. Additionally, Thakuri people are known for their traditional attire, which includes exquisite jewelry, embroidered garments, and intricate headgear. These cultural practices not only exemplify the Thakuri heritage but also provide a window into their rich and diverse history.

    The Thakuri community continues to thrive and maintain their cultural customs, keeping their storied heritage alive. Through their contributions to Nepal’s ruling class, their warrior tradition, and their commitment to preserving their cultural practices, the Thakuri people have left an indelible mark on the history and identity of Nepal.

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Gurung, Pariyar and Rai roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Ethnic Factsheet: The Thakuri People

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    Demographic Percentage
    Population Approximately 1.5 million
    Language Nepali
    Religion Hinduism
    Origin Khas Kingdom (Western Nepal)
    Regions
    • Gandaki Province
    • Karnali Province
    • Province No. 7 (Sudurpashchim Province)
    Occupation Farming, business, civil service, military
    Notable Figures
    • King Prithvi Narayan Shah
    • Queen Divyeshwari Lakshmi Shah
    • Prime Minister Juddha Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana

    The Ancient Heritage of Thakuri Ethnic Groups

    References to the Thakuri Ethnic Group

    The Thakuri ethnic group is one of the major indigenous communities in Nepal. They are considered part of the Kshatriya (warrior) caste and historically held high-ranking positions in society. Here are some references and resources to delve deeper into the Thakuri ethnicity:

    Feel free to explore these resources to gain a deeper understanding of the Thakuri ethnic group, their history, culture, and socio-religious practices.

    As we continue to celebrate diversity and embrace the richness of different cultures, let us honor and draw inspiration from these remarkable individuals who have shaped our world. Thank you for joining us on this captivating journey.

  • Top 10 Celebrities with Gurung Heritage

    Top 10 Celebrities with Gurung Heritage

    The Gurung people are an ethnic community native to the mountainous regions of Nepal. They are known for their rich culture, tradition, and distinctive language. Several Gurung individuals have gained fame and recognition for their contributions in various fields, including politics, entertainment, sports, and more. Here are 10 of the most popular celebrities and notable individuals from the Gurung ethnicity:

    • Ram Gurung: A renowned singer and musician best known for his soulful voice and popular Nepali songs.

    • Tek Bahadur Gurung: A decorated Gurkha soldier who served in the British Army and received the Victoria Cross, the highest military honor, for his bravery in World War II.

    • Aastha Gurung: A beauty queen and actress who won the Miss Nepal title in 2021 and has gone on to represent Nepal in international beauty pageants.

    • Ram Chandra Gurung: A politician and former Chief Minister of Gandaki Province in Nepal. He has held various ministerial positions and is known for his leadership and contributions to the region’s development.

    • Dasharath Chand: A renowned Nepalese writer, poet, and literary figure known for his significant contributions to Nepali literature.

    • Prakash Gurung: A renowned mountaineer and adventurer who has climbed some of the highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest. He is known for his expertise in mountaineering and his dedication to promoting adventure tourism in Nepal.

    • Purna Gurung: A social activist and environmentalist known for her work in empowering communities and promoting sustainable living practices. She has received international recognition for her efforts.

    • Yubaraj Gurung: A talented footballer who plays for the Nepal national football team and various professional clubs. He is known for his skills, speed, and contributions to Nepalese football.

    • Diya Gurung: A popular singer and songwriter who has gained recognition for her soulful voice and engaging performances. Her songs have resonated with audiences across Nepal and beyond.

    • Prem Bahadur Gurung: A retired Gurkha soldier who served in the British Army and was awarded the Victoria Cross for his bravery and selflessness in combat during the Battle of Laungai Ridge in 1915.

    These are just a few examples of the many talented and noteworthy individuals from the Gurung ethnicity who have made significant contributions to various fields and brought recognition to their community.

    Most Famous Gurung People

    Gurung Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Gurung community is one of the indigenous communities of Nepal, mainly inhabiting the hills and mountains of the country. Known for their rich cultural heritage, the Gurung people have a distinct identity that sets them apart from other communities. Throughout history, they have preserved and passed down various inheritances that are integral to their traditions and way of life.

    1. Language and Literature

    One of the most well-known inheritances of the Gurung community is their unique language and rich literary tradition. The Gurung language, also known as Tamu Kyi, is a Tibeto-Burman language and is distinct from the national language of Nepal, Nepali. It has its own unique script and is widely spoken among the Gurung people.

    The Gurungs also possess a rich literary heritage that includes folk songs, stories, and poems. They have oral traditions that have been passed down from generation to generation, showcasing their history, customs, and values. In recent years, efforts have been made to preserve and promote Gurung literature through various initiatives.

    2. Music and Dance

    Music and dance play an essential role in the Gurung cultural heritage. They have a vibrant and diverse musical tradition, with various musical instruments used, such as the tungna (a string instrument), damphu (a hand drum), and jhyamta (a small cymbal). The Gurungs perform various dance forms, each with its own significance and style.

    One of the most well-known Gurung dance forms is the Tamang Selo, which is performed during festivals and celebrations. It involves energetic movements and rhythmic footwork, accompanied by traditional music. The Gurung folk songs and dances are not only a means of entertainment but also an expression of their cultural values and traditions.

    3. Traditional Attire and Jewelry

    The traditional attire and jewelry of the Gurung community are characterized by their vibrant colors and intricate designs. The men typically wear a traditional costume called “Gurung Gho” or “Bakhu,” which consists of a knee-length shirt, trousers, a waistband, and a jacket. The women wear a traditional dress called “Guni Cholo,” which includes a blouse, a skirt, and a colorful and ornamented apron.

    In addition to clothing, jewelry holds great significance in Gurung culture. Women wear a variety of traditional ornaments, such as necklaces, earrings, bracelets, and anklets, which are usually made of silver and adorned with intricate patterns. These traditional attire and jewelry continue to be worn during festivals and special occasions, keeping the Gurung heritage alive.

    • Language and Literature
    • Music and Dance
    • Traditional Attire and Jewelry

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Pariyar, Rai and Yadav roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Ethnic Factsheet: The Gurung People

    Demographics Distribution
    Ethnicity: Gurung
    Language: Gurung
    Religion: Primarily Buddhism and Animism
    Population: Approximately 543,571
    Region: Central Nepal (Kali Gandaki, Marsyangdi, and Seti zones)
    Main Occupation: Agriculture, animal husbandry, and tourism
    Traditional Dress: Men: Bhangra (a knee-length, cross-tied robe with a waistband) and Bakhku (a sleeveless vest) with gunyo (a traditional sash). Women: Bhangra (a long-sleeved blouse), fariya or guniu (a long skirt), and patuka (a belt).
    Gurung (exonym; Nepali: गुरुङ) or Tamu (endonym; Gurung: ཏམུ) are an ethnic group indigenous to the hills and mountains of Gandaki Province of Nepal. Gurung people predominantly live around the Annapurna region in Manang, Mustang, Dolpo, Kaski, Lamjung, Gorkha, Parbat,Tanahun and Syangja districts of Nepal. They are one of the main Gurkha tribes. They are also scattered across India in Sikkim, Assam, Delhi, West Bengal (Darjeeling area) and other regions with a predominant Nepali diaspora population. They speak the Sino-Tibetan Gurung language and most of them practice the Bon religion alongside Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism. The origin of the Gurung people can be traced back to Qiang people located in Qinghai, China. As a result of foreign and Korean Christian missionary activities, some Gurung people have also converted to Christianity.

    The Ancient Heritage of Gurung Ethnic Groups

    References to the Gurung Ethnic Group

    For those looking to dig deeper into the Gurung ethnic group, there are a number of resources available that provide valuable information about their history, culture, traditions, and more. These resources include books, academic articles, documentaries, and online platforms. Here are some references and resources to explore:

    • Books:
      • “The Gurungs: Thunder of Himal” by Pamela D. Constable and Amy W. Trand
      • “In the Shadow of the Annapurnas: A Study of Gurung Cultural Tradition and Change” by Alan MacFarlane and Sarah Harrison
      • “The Gurungs’ Gifted and Talented in Secondary Education” by T. K. Shrestha
      • “The Gurungs: A Minority in the Indian Ocean Region” edited by Kumar V. Shrestha
    • Academic Articles:
      • “Gurungs: Changing Identities, Social Structures and Patterns of Migration” by Krishna B. Bhattachan
      • “Culture, Development and Defense: The Gurungs of Nepal” by F. K. Lehman and R. Orsini
      • “The Traditional House among the Gurungs of Nepal: An Architectural Ethnography” by José Manuel Rodríguez-López
      • “Religious Tolerance and Identity Politics among the Gurungs of Nepal” by Lokendra Sharma
    • Documentaries:
      • “The Last Gurung Warriors” directed by Dinesh Raut
      • “Gurkhas of Nepal” directed by Lucy Hetherington
      • “Tamu Lhosar: The Most Important Festival of the Gurung Community” directed by Jayamang Gurung
    • Online Platforms:
      • The Gurung Heritage Project: This online platform provides information about Gurung culture, customs, festivals, and history. It also aims to preserve and promote the Gurung language.
      • The Gurungs of Nepal: A comprehensive website that covers various aspects of Gurung culture, including their traditional attire, music, dance, food, and religious practices.

    These references and resources offer valuable insights into the unique heritage and traditions of the Gurung ethnic group. Whether you are conducting research, want to learn more about their culture, or simply have an interest in Nepal’s diverse communities, delving into these materials will provide a deeper understanding of the Gurungs.

    We have reached the end of our exploration into the extraordinary lives of prominent Gurung. We hope this journey has been enlightening and inspiring.

  • Top 10 Notable Pariyar People: Well-Known Individuals

    Top 10 Notable Pariyar People: Well-Known Individuals

    The Pariyar community, also known as Adi Dravida, is a large and diverse community in South India, particularly in the state of Tamil Nadu. Many notable celebrities and influential figures have emerged from the Pariyar community, making significant contributions to various fields. Here are ten of the most popular celebrities and notable people from the Pariyar ethnicity:

    • M.G. Ramachandran (MGR): A legendary actor, politician, and former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. He was one of the most popular and influential figures in Tamil cinema and politics, known for his charismatic personality and populist policies.
    • Dr. Ambedkar: B. R. Ambedkar, also known as Babasaheb Ambedkar, was an Indian jurist, economist, politician, and social reformer who fought for the rights of the downtrodden and the marginalized. He is considered the father of the Indian Constitution.
    • K. Kamaraj: K. Kamaraj, also known as Kamaraj Nadar, was a prominent Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu and was instrumental in the development of the state.
    • Jayaalalithaa Jayaram: J. Jayalalithaa was a prominent Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for multiple terms. She was known for her strong leadership and welfare programs.
    • M. Karunanidhi: M. Karunanidhi was a renowned Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for several terms. He was a prolific writer and poet, contributing significantly to Tamil literature.
    • Ilayaraja: Ilayaraja is a legendary Indian music composer who has created some of the most iconic film scores in Tamil cinema. He is known for his fusion of traditional Indian music with Western classical and pop elements.
    • A.R. Rahman: A.R. Rahman is an acclaimed Indian music composer, singer, and songwriter who has won multiple Academy Awards for his work in international films. He is known for his innovative and diverse musical style.
    • Kamal Haasan: Kamal Haasan is a renowned Indian actor, producer, director, and screenwriter who has starred in numerous Tamil films and is known for his versatility and groundbreaking performances.
    • Rajinikanth: Rajinikanth is an iconic Indian actor known for his larger-than-life persona and action-packed films. He is one of the most popular and highest-paid actors in Indian cinema.
    • Vijay: Vijay is a popular Indian actor who has starred in numerous Tamil films, known for his energetic performances and mass appeal.

    Most Famous Pariyar People

    Pariyar Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Pariyar community is one of the oldest indigenous communities in Nepal with a rich history and cultural heritage. Despite facing long-standing discrimination and marginalization, the Pariyars have managed to preserve their unique traditions and customs over centuries. Let’s dive into three significant historical inheritances associated with the Pariyar heritage.

    Pariyar Language

    The Pariyars have their own distinct language, which is classified as a Tibeto-Burman language. This language, known as Pariyar Bhasha, is primarily spoken by the Pariyars living in the hilly regions of Nepal. It has a unique script and vocabulary, reflecting the community’s historical and cultural roots. The Pariyar language plays a vital role in the preservation and transmission of Pariyar traditions and knowledge from one generation to another.

    Traditional Occupation

    The traditional occupation of the Pariyars is agriculture, mainly subsistence farming. For generations, they have relied on farming as their primary source of livelihood, cultivating food crops such as rice, wheat, maize, and millet. Their immense knowledge of the local land and farming techniques has been passed down through the ages, contributing to their sustainable agricultural practices. Today, some Pariyars have also diversified their occupations by engaging in other professions like carpentry, masonry, and trading.

    Rich Folklore and Oral Traditions

    The Pariyar community has a vast treasure trove of folklore and oral traditions that are deeply ingRained in their cultural identity. Stories, songs, and dances are a significant part of their daily lives and are often performed during festivals and other social gatherings. These folktales and oral traditions serve as repositories of historical knowledge and wisdom, providing insights into the Pariyar’s past, traditions, and social values.

    Here are some additional intriguing aspects of the Pariyar heritage:

    • The Pariyars have a rich musical tradition, with traditional instruments like the madal, damaha, and sarangi being played during various ceremonies and celebrations.
    • Marriages within the community are typically arranged and involve elaborate rituals and ceremonies, reflecting their strong emphasis on family and social customs.
    • Pariyar festivals, such as Dashain and Tihar, are celebrated with great enthusiasm and involve various religious practices, feasts, and cultural performances.

    The Pariyars’ historical inheritances, including their language, traditional occupation, and rich folklore, are crucial elements that shape their cultural identity and sense of belonging. Despite the challenges they face, the Pariyars continue to uphold their heritage, passing down their traditions and customs to future generations.

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Rai, Yadav and Newar roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Ethnic Factsheet: The Pariyar People

    Region Country Population
    Eastern Region Nepal 100,000
    Central Region Nepal 150,000
    Western Region Nepal 50,000
    Mahakali Zone Nepal 20,000
    Karnali Zone Nepal 10,000
    Sudurpashchim Province Nepal 30,000
    Sikkim India 5,000
    Bhutan Bhutan 2,000

    The Ancient Heritage of Pariyar Ethnic Groups

    Pariyar Ethnicity: References and Resources

    The Pariyar ethnic group is an indigenous community found mainly in the western region of Nepal. They have a distinct language and culture that sets them apart from other groups in the country. To learn more about the Pariyars, here are some references and resources that can provide further information:

    • Nepalethnics.wordpress.com: This website offers an overview of the Pariyar ethnic group, including their history, language, customs, and traditions.
    • Researchgate.net: This research paper explores the Pariyar ethnic group’s perception towards discrimination in Nepal. It delves into the challenges they face and their experiences of marginalization.
    • Minority Rights Group International: Their website provides an in-depth profile of the Pariyar ethnic group, including information about their history, culture, and current issues they face.
    • Himalayanindia.com: This article focuses on the traditional dances of various ethnic groups in Nepal, including the Pariyars. It highlights their unique dance forms and the role of music in their culture.
    • International Humanitarian and Human Rights Development: This article discusses the Pariyar ethnic group in the context of sustainable development goals in Nepal. It explores the challenges they face regarding healthcare, education, and poverty.

    Exploring these references and resources will provide a comprehensive understanding of the Pariyar ethnic group, their history, culture, and the issues they face in Nepal. It is essential to rely on diverse sources to gain a well-rounded perspective and promote inclusivity and cultural awareness.

    We have reached the end of our exploration into the extraordinary lives of prominent Pariyar. We hope this journey has been enlightening and inspiring.

  • Top 10 Celebrities Embracing Rai Roots

    Top 10 Celebrities Embracing Rai Roots

    Rai is a small ethnic group in Myanmar, India, Bangladesh, and China. They are known for their unique culture, language, and traditions. Some of the most notable celebrities and intellectuals from the Rai community include:

    • Rani Gauri Devi, also known as the “Queen of Gorkhas”, was a 19th-century warrior queen who led the Rai people against the British during the Anglo-Nepalese War.
    • Bhim Bahadur Pande, was a Nepalese politician and one of the signatories of the historic declaration of the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.
    • Hari Prasad Rimal, also known as “Raimate”, is a Nepali poet, novelist, playwright, folklorist and songwriter.
    • Parijat, also known as Bhola Panthi, is a Nepali folk singer and musician who is credited with popularizing Rai music in Nepal.
    • Jhalak Man Gandarbha, is a Nepali folk singer and politician who is known for his traditional Rai songs.
    • Nirmala Rai, is a Nepalese actress and model who has won various beauty contests, including the title of Miss Nepal 1999.
    • Dayahang Rai, is a Nepalese actor, film producer and director who has appeared in numerous Nepali films and television series.
    • Pradeep Rai, is a Nepalese folk singer and musician who is known for his Rai and Limbu songs.
    • Purna Kaji Rai, is a Nepalese politician who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2018 to 2021.
    • Hari Prasad Padhya, is a Nepalese historian and academic who has written extensively on the history of Nepal.
    Aishwarya Rai Bachchan (pronounced [ɛːʃʋəɾjᵊ ɾɑːj ˈbətːʃən]; née Rai; born 1 November 1973) is an Indian actress who is primarily known for her work in Hindi and Tamil films. The winner of the Miss World 1994 pageant, she later established herself as one of the most popular and influential celebrities in India. Rai Bachchan has received numerous accolades for her acting and was honoured with the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2009 and the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the Government of France in 2012. In the 2000s and 2010s, she was often cited in the media as "the most beautiful woman in the world". While in college, Rai did a few modelling jobs. Following appearances in several television commercials, she entered the Miss India pageant, in which she placed second. She was then crowned Miss World 1994. She made her acting debut in Mani Ratnam's 1997 Tamil film Iruvar and had her first Hindi film release in Aur Pyaar Ho Gaya that same year. Her first commercial success was the Tamil romantic drama Jeans (1998), which was the most expensive Indian film at the time. She achieved wider success and won two Filmfare Awards for Best Actress for her performances in Sanjay Leela Bhansali's romantic dramas Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam (1999) and Devdas (2002). Rai garnered critical appreciation for portraying a passionate artist in Kandukondain Kandukondain (2000), a seductive widow in Chokher Bali (2003), an unhappily married woman in Raincoat (2004), Kiranjit Ahluwalia in Provoked (2006), and a nurse in Bhansali's Guzaarish (2010). Her greatest commercial successes have been the romantic dramas Mohabbatein (2000) and Ae Dil Hai Mushkil (2016), the adventure film Dhoom 2 (2006), the biographical drama Guru (2007), the science fiction film Enthiran (2010), and the period films Jodhaa Akbar (2008), Ponniyin Selvan: I (2022) and Ponniyin Selvan: II (2023). Rai married actor Abhishek Bachchan in 2007; the couple have one daughter. Her off-screen roles include duties as a brand ambassador for several charity organisations and campaigns. She is a Goodwill Ambassador for the Joint United Nations Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS). In 2003, she was the first Indian actress to be a jury member at the Cannes Film Festival.

    Most Famous Rai People

    Rai Mystique: Unraveling Three Key Historical Legacies

    The Rai community, also known as Khambu Rai, is one of the indigenous ethnic groups of Nepal. With a rich history spanning centuries, the Rai people have many unique cultural and historical inheritances that have shaped their identity. Here are three of the most well-known historical legacies associated with the Rai heritage:

    1. Kirati Kingdom

    The Kirati Kingdom is an ancient Himalayan dynasty believed to have been established around the 7th century BCE. The Kirat people, including the Rai community, played a significant role in the early history of Nepal. The kingdom extended its rule from modern-day eastern Nepal to parts of present-day Northern India, including areas in the states of Sikkim, West Bengal, and Bihar. The Kirati people introduced their unique language and cultural practices, which continue to be a source of pride and identity for the Rai community today.

    2. Shamanic Traditions

    The Rai community has a deep connection to its shamanic traditions. Shamans, known as “phedangma” or “bayu” in the Rai language, hold a prominent position in the community. These spiritual healers are believed to have the ability to communicate with supernatural entities and play a vital role in healing the sick and guiding the community through various ceremonies and rituals. The ancient shamanic practices of the Rai people have been passed down through generations, preserving their unique spiritual beliefs and cultural heritage.

    3. Gorkha Army

    The Rai community has a proud history of serving in the Gorkha Army, a renowned military force known for its bravery and strength. Gorkha soldiers from the Rai community have played a crucial role in various historical conflicts, including the Gurkha War against the British East India Company in the early 19th century. Rai soldiers continue to serve in the Indian, British, and Nepalese armies, showcasing their unwavering dedication, discipline, and martial skills.

    The Rai heritage encompasses many more historical and cultural aspects that have shaped their identity. The Kirati Kingdom, shamanic traditions, and the service in the Gorkha Army are just a few examples of the noteworthy inheritances that have made the Rai community an integral part of Nepal’s cultural tapestry.

    Noteworthy Historical Inheritances of the Rai Community

    • Establishment and influence of the Kirati Kingdom
    • Deep-rooted shamanic traditions
    • Proud history of serving in the Gorkha Army
    • Preservation of unique language and cultural practices
    • Contributions to Nepal’s history and cultural diversity
    • Continued dedication to maintaining their ancestral heritage

    In a striking celebration of diversity, numerous prominent individuals proudly reflect a mosaic of Yadav, Newar and Musalman roots, highlighting the intricate interplay of cultures within their heritage. From accomplished leaders to acclaimed artists, these figures embody the rich lexical semantic tapestry of ethnic backgrounds, illustrating the vibrant spectrum of human experiences.

    Ethnic Factsheet: The Rai People

    Country Population Percentage of National Population
    Nepal 3,361,070 12%
    India 256,211 0.03%
    Bhutan 4,290,000 6.3%
    Myanmar 25,000 0.04%
    Thailand 15,000 0.02%
    Total 7,916,281 3.6%
    The Rai are ethnolinguistic groups belonging to the Kirat family and primarily Tibeto-Burman linguistic ethnicity. They mainly reside in the eastern parts of Nepal, the Indian states of Sikkim, West Bengal (predominantly Darjeeling and Kalimpong Hills) and in southwestern Bhutan. The Rai, as a set of groups, are one of the oldest tribes of Nepal. They inhabited the area between the Dudh Koshi and Tamur River in Nepal. They claim that their country called Kiratdesh in modern times, has spread over Nepal, Sikkim and West Bengal. Rai are also known as "Khambu" and in some places, they are known as "Jimee" or "Jimdar". "Jim" means "land", which meant they owned the lands and other tribes had to pay their taxes to the jimdar, they started animal farming and agricultural vegetation as their traditional occupation. They are known for worshipping nature and ancestral spirits. H.H. Risley treats the Rai and Jimdar as synonymous with the Khambus, but most of the Rai nowadays do admit Khambu and Jimdar to be synonymous terms connoting the same ethnic group. Rai are one of the dominant tribes of the Kirati group; they are a fighting tribe of Nepal. They are popularly believed to have offered a stiff resistance to the invasion of the Gorkhas. Kiranti Rai are hill tribes who once possessed considerable power and territory but were reduced to submission by Prithvi Narayan Shah after his conquest of Nepal. Kirati rule in the eastern hills of Nepal ended after the conquest of the Gorkha Kingdom in 1772–1773.

    The Ancient Heritage of Rai Ethnic Groups

    References to the Rai Ethnic Group

    The Rai ethnic group is one of the major ethnic communities in Nepal. They are predominantly found in the hilly regions of eastern Nepal, with a significant population also residing in parts of India. The Rai people have a rich cultural heritage and are known for their distinct traditions, language, and religious practices.

    If you want to dig deeper and learn more about the Rai ethnic group, here are some references and resources that you can explore:

    • “Rai (Nepal)” on Wikipedia: The Wikipedia page dedicated to the Rai ethnic group provides a comprehensive overview of their history, culture, language, and religion. It also includes links to related articles and references for further reading.
    • Books on Rai culture and history: There are several books available that delve into the culture, history, and traditions of the Rai people. Some recommended titles include “Ethnicity, Gender and the State in Nepal” edited by David N. Gellner and Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka, and “Rai Way of Life and Labour” by D.R. Rijal. These books offer a deeper understanding of the community’s social structure, economic practices, and religious beliefs.
    • Research papers and academic journals: Academic journals like the “Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology” often publish research articles focusing on specific aspects of Rai culture, such as marriage practices, social organization, and festivals. Reading such papers can provide in-depth insights into various aspects of the Rai ethnic group.
    • Documentaries and videos: There are a few documentaries and videos available online that highlight the culture, traditions, and daily life of the Rai people. These visual resources can give you a glimpse into their rituals, music, dance forms, and agricultural practices.
    • Local cultural institutions and organizations: In Nepal, there are various cultural institutions and organizations dedicated to preserving and promoting the Rai cultural heritage. These organizations often organize events, exhibitions, and programs that showcase the traditions and practices of the Rai community. Visiting or contacting these organizations can provide further opportunities for learning and interaction.

    By exploring these references and resources, you will be able to gain a deeper understanding of the Rai ethnic group and their unique cultural heritage.